Qíshān

Qishan lies in western Guanzhong, where cultivated land, river valleys, and routes toward surrounding highlands support a long-established agricultural society. Its landscape is closely associated with the early Zhou world, giving local places a cultural importance extending beyond their immediate resources. Fields and villages supplied households, while markets connected producers with larger towns. Water management and seasonal weather shaped the practical demands of farming in the western Shaanxi countryside.

Qishan County takes its name from the mountain within its territory; the county was established under the Sui in 596. In the Ming and Qing periods it belonged to Fengxiang prefecture. The county's association with the Zhou past remained visible in its temples: a local gazetteer records repairs to the Duke of Zhou's temple and the restoration of its official sacrifices during the Ming.