Yuán

The empire ruling China from Dadu in 1337 was the Great Yuan, founded by Kublai in 1271 and ruled by Toghon Temür of the Borjigin dynasty.

The Red Turban Rebellion began in 1351; in 1368 Zhu Yuanzhang founded the Ming and took Dadu, driving the Yuan court north. Zheng He made seven voyages in 1405—1433. After the Ming fell, the Manchus entered Beijing in 1644 and established Qing rule there. The Kangxi Emperor crushed the Three Feudatories by 1681 and took Taiwan in 1683; the White Lotus Rebellion followed in 1796—1804.