Nangha'er

Nanghaer lies in northern Sakhalin, an island linked by sea and river routes to the lower Amur. Ainu elders visited the post at Nanghar to offer tribute and receive gifts under the Yuan, making these encounters part of a wider exchange in furs and other goods. In the early fifteenth century the Ming court also established a Nanghaer guard and granted a title to a local leader, extending its network of relations across the strait.