Nàimàn

Naiman lies in the country of the western Liao River, where grasslands and sandy ground meet the northeastern plains. The Mongol Naiman were one of the groups drawn into the struggles between Ligdan Khan and the rising Manchu state in the seventeenth century. In 1636 the Qing organised the Naiman as a banner under a hereditary jasagh prince. It joined the Zhaowuda league, linking its rulers with those of neighbouring Mongol banners.