Mecca

The Sharifate of Mecca governed the holy city and guarded the pilgrimage under Hasanid descendants of the Prophet. In 1337 the Mamluk sultan al-Nasir Muhammad confirmed Rumaythah ibn Abi Numayy, a supporter of Zaydism, as sole emir.

Rumaythah died in 1346 and was succeeded by his son Ajlan, whose descendants held the Sharifate until 1517. After the fall of the Mamluk sultan, the sharif acknowledged Ottoman suzerainty while retaining local autonomy; under Ottoman rule the sharifs regularly raided Nejd.