Qalawun

Qalawun (c. 1222–1290) was a Kipchak Turk sold as a mamluk for a thousand dinars, hence his nickname al-Alfi. Rising under Baybars, he became atabeg to the child sultan Solamish and in 1279 took the throne.

In 1280 he defeated Sunqur al-Ashqar, and in 1281 joined him to repel Abaqa at the Battle of Homs. Against the Crusaders he took Margat in 1285 and Tripoli in 1289. He died in Cairo in 1290 while besieging Acre, which his son al-Ashraf Khalil took in 1291.