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Andronikos II Palaiologos

Andronikos II Palaiologos (1259–1332) became sole emperor in 1282 and at once repudiated Michael VIII's Union of Lyons. Faced with financial difficulties, he disbanded the imperial fleet in 1285, increasing dependence on Genoa.

The defeat at Bapheus in 1302 opened Anatolia to the Ottoman Turks. The Catalan Company he hired under Roger de Flor turned on Byzantium after de Flor's murder in 1305. Civil war with his grandson Andronikos III forced his abdication in 1328, and he died a monk in 1332.

References

  1. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andronikos_II_Palaiologos
  2. zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/安德洛尼卡二世