Xalostotitlan

Xalostotitlan, later Jalostotitlán, was a lordship in the highlands of western Mexico. Its inhabitants included Tecuexe and Caxcan people, and neighbouring settlements such as Teocaltitán and Temacapulín were subject to its rulers. The mountains and valleys of Los Altos became a contested frontier after Spanish forces entered the region.

During the Mixtón War, people of the region sought refuge on a hill now called San Miguel. After the war survivors returned from the hill to repopulate their former communities. A local account credits the Franciscan Miguel de Bolonia with refounding Jalostotitlán in 1544; Franciscans also repopulated nearby Mezquititlán with indigenous families from San Gaspar. By 1583 the rebuilt town was divided into four distinct barrios, La Cruz, San Andrés, San Nicolás and Santa Rosa.