Tukuran
Tukuran lies at the narrow neck joining the Zamboanga peninsula to the rest of Mindanao. The isthmus separates Illana Bay in the south from Panguil Bay to the north, making it a natural crossing between the two coasts. Subanon, Maranao, Maguindanao and Iranun communities inhabited the region. A 1645 treaty between Spain and Sultan Kudarat named Tukuran among the places owing allegiance to Maguindanao.