Toumma

The Toumma heights rise above the stony desert south of Fezzan. Erosion has cut their limestone and sandstone into separate flat-topped masses, with dry channels and passes between them. There are no extensive oases here, but wells at Bir el Uaar provide water. Through a depression known as the Gates ran a caravan road from Murzuq toward Kuka on Lake Chad, crossing the uplands on its long journey south.