Quánníng

Quanning lay in the Mongolian grasslands north of the Liao Middle Capital. Under the Yuan it formed part of the lands of the princes of Lu, and in 1303 Quanning was raised to the status of a circuit directly under the central government. The Ming established a military guard at the old Yuan centre in 1389, appointing a surrendered Yuan commander to lead it. The guard was abolished after little more than a decade as northern defence policy changed.