Pinya

King Thihathu founded Pinya in the Kyaukse valley, close to the Irrawaddy and the Mu valley granary, and was crowned on 7 February 1313 as the rightful heir of the Pagan kings. For the first time since the 1280s one ruler held the Irrawaddy valley from Prome to Tagaung. The kingdom inherited Pagan's old burden, for between a third and two-thirds of Upper Burma's farmland had been given to religion.

When Thihathu died in 1325 his realm split between Saw Yun of Sagaing in the north and Uzana I, who held the south. The half-brothers kept their own armies, and the rivalry left Pinya unable to answer Arakanese or Mon raids. In 1359 King Kyawswa II died in a raid by the Maw Shan that ransacked the country, and Toungoo drifted away. In 1364 the Maw ruler Tho Kho Bwa sacked Sagaing in April and then turned on Pinya in May. The young prince Thado Minbya of Sagaing took Pinya that September and founded a new capital, Ava, at the meeting of the Irrawaddy and the Myitnge, on 26 February 1365. Ava saw itself as Pagan's heir and fought the Forty Years' War with Hanthawaddy from 1385 to 1424.