Pervouralsk

The Shaitanka ironworks grew near deposits discovered by Fyodor Rosov in 1702. Vasily Demidov, grandson of Nikita, began building a foundry and ironworks on the river in 1730, and its first blast furnace produced pig iron in 1732. A second works was built two versts upstream in 1759–1760, with a sawmill supplying both. The factory settlement later became known as Vasilyevo-Shaitansky.

In 1771 workers at the lower works rebelled under Andrey Plotnikov and killed the owner Yefim Shiryaev. During Pugachev's uprising, Ivan Beloborodov's detachment entered the settlement in January 1774; the settlement was burned after the revolt was suppressed. In 1837 an obelisk marking the division of Europe and Asia was erected near the Ural pass, where Alexander von Humboldt and Gustav Rose had identified the boundary in 1829.