Nacogdoches

The Nacogdoche were a Hasinai Caddo people of the wooded country of eastern Texas. Their principal settlement stood in the area that would later bear their name. Like other Hasinai communities, they lived within a network of villages in the Neches and Angelina river country, where maize, beans and squash were cultivated. Houses in these communities were covered with mats or grass thatch.

In 1716 Spanish missionaries founded Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de los Nacogdoches in the principal Nacogdoche settlement. The mission was maintained intermittently until 1773. A Spanish settlement followed in 1779, while disease and warfare reduced the Indigenous population by the end of the century. Some Nacogdoche joined the new settlement, and others became part of neighboring Hasinai communities, including the Hainai and Anadarko.