Malakand
The Malakand Pass leads from the plains of Peshawar towards the valleys of Swat and Dir, beyond the hills at the northern edge of the plains. The country around Swat formed part of ancient Gandhara. In 1585–1586, during Akbar's reign, Mughal forces campaigned against the Yusufzai of Swat and neighbouring Bajaur; the expedition ended in an Afghan victory at the Malandari Pass.