Kosa
Kosa was a parish settlement in the forest country of Perm. In the survey of 1579 it appeared under the name Nyrov Pogost, with fourteen households and a church parish. The settlement's later name was established in the scribal and census records of 1623–1624 and associated it with the Kosa River.
Fire marked this change in the record. A regional historical account describes the houses standing on a broad burned site after lightning destroyed the households in 1623. Rebuilding therefore formed part of the village's early modern history. The parish church was dedicated to Saint Nicholas; an early nineteenth-century description records a wooden church with a chapel of the Vladimir Mother of God. Parish buildings and peasant households together made Kosa a local centre in the wooded river country, with its history preserved through surveys, descriptions of the church and the memory of reconstruction after disaster.