Kilmes

Kilmes, the Quilmes community of the Calchaqui valleys in northwestern Argentina, built a great settlement on the slopes of Cerro del Rey. Stone-walled residential sectors, defensive positions, plazas and communal spaces filled the hillside. The Quilmes became one of the last strongholds resisting Spanish conquest during the Calchaqui wars. After their defeat in the 1660s, survivors were forced to march toward the Río de la Plata, far from their ancestral valleys, and were settled in a reduction near Buenos Aires that took the name Quilmes.