Kárystos

Karystos occupied a fortified landscape in southern Euboea, where Castello Rosso overlooked the district from the foothills of Mount Ochi. Built from red stone on an earlier Byzantine stronghold, the castle became a focus of Latin lordship. The waterfront fortress of Bourtzi formed another part of the town's medieval coastal defences, linking control of the harbour with protection inland.

The fourteenth century brought competing claims to Karystos. Documents show negotiations involving the Hospitallers and Venice in the 1350s; the final Venetian acquisition followed in 1366. Ottoman conquest in 1470 began a much longer period of rule. Settlements developed around Castello Rosso, including Myloi and nearby villages, making the hilltop fortress a continuing centre of the district. The Greek rising of 1821 did not secure the area by military victory. Ottoman forces withdrew in 1833 under the diplomatic settlement, bringing Karystos into the Greek state near the end of the period.