Hūlán

Hulan's Qing development centred on the fertile lower Hulan River plain and the provisioning of northeastern garrisons. In 1734 the court strengthened the local military establishment partly to police unauthorized ginseng gathering. Troops were selected from Bodune, Dashing Ula and Guwalca, together with men from Qiqihar; cultivation around the garrison helped meet its food requirements.

In 1737 the court established forty official agricultural estates and selected four hundred able cultivators from Shengjing banner households to move there with their families. The migrants received travel provisions, assistance with transport, clothing, seed and materials for settling in; taxes were remitted in the first year and reduced in the second. This was organized relocation tied to banner institutions and state estates. On Hulan's alluvial farmland, military supply and the resettlement of households from more crowded banner lands became closely connected parts of Qing frontier policy.