Suphannaphum

The Suphannaphum dynasty took its name from Suphannaphum, the city of gold, a polity of the lower Chao Phraya valley. It grew from an older Dvaravati-era center whose rulers sent embassies to Song China in the twelfth century, and was among the polities whose merger formed Ayutthaya in 1351.

Its ruler Khun Luang Pa-ngua, brother-in-law of Ramathibodi I, seized the throne as Borommarachathirat I in 1370, defeating the rival Uthong line based at Lopburi. His son Thong Lan was deposed in 1388, but Intharacha of Suphannaphum retook the throne in 1408.

The house then ruled Ayutthaya through the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Its kings included Borommatrailokkanat, who strengthened central administration and fought Lan Na; succession crises after King Chaiya's death in 1546 ended the house's unbroken hold on power.