Al-e Saljuq

Al-e Saljuq, the House of Seljuq, took its name from Seljuk, a Turkic clan leader whose followers converted to Islam around the tenth century. A branch of the family founded the Sultanate of Rum after the Seljuk victory at Manzikert in 1071 and fixed its capital at Konya; under Kayqubad I in the early thirteenth century it was the leading power of Anatolia, lining the trade roads with caravanserais, mosques and medreses.

The Mongol victory at Köse Dağ in 1243 reduced the Rum sultans to Ilkhanid vassals, and Turkmen commanders carved independent beyliks out of their realm.

Kayqubad III was executed by the Ilkhan in 1302, and the last sultan, Mesud II, was murdered in 1308, bringing the Anatolian line of the house to an end; Konya and the other Seljuk lands were then divided among successor principalities.