Neu-Kyburg

The Neu-Kyburg were a Swiss comital house with estates in the Oberaargau. After the old Kyburg male line died out in 1264, Rudolf of Habsburg became guardian of the heiress Anna. Her marriage to Eberhard I of Habsburg-Laufenburg in 1273 established the new county, centred on Burgdorf and Thun.

The family was implicated in the murder of King Albert I in 1308 and held the Landgraviate of Burgundy as a Habsburg fief from 1313. Chronically short of money, the counts sold or pledged rights and towns; Eberhard II murdered his brother Hartmann II at Thun to seize the inheritance.

Rudolf II's failed raid on Solothurn in 1382 sparked the Burgdorf War of 1383 to 1384, after which Bern bought Thun and Burgdorf. The remaining lordships passed to Bern and Solothurn, and the house became extinct when Count Berchtold died in 1417.