Hadhur

The Hadhur recall the Hadhabani, a Kurdish tribal confederation of the tenth and eleventh centuries whose pastures and strongholds ran from Mosul and Erbil through Shahrazur to Azerbaijan and the Caucasian foothills. Arab geographers record them clashing with the Hamdanids of Mosul as early as 906, after which thousands of families were settled north of Mosul.

The confederation included the Hakamiyya in Erbil and Shahrazur and the Rawadiyya in Azerbaijan. From its clans came the ruling houses of the Shaddadids, the Rawwadids and the Ayyubids; Saladin's family was of Hadhbani Rawadiyya stock.

As the Seljuk and Mongol waves broke over the Jazira the independent Hadhbani principalities were absorbed, though the tribal name and clans lived on in the Shahrazur hills, which passed to the Ardalan at the end of the Mongol era.