Bali

The rulers known in Balinese tradition as the dynasty of Bali were the native Hindu-Buddhist kings of the island, whose line is traced to Sri Kesari Warmadewa and the Belanjong pillar of 914. By the early fourteenth century their court stood at Bedulu, where Sri Astasura Ratna Bumi Banten, the last independent Balinese king, reigned from about 1332.

During the Majapahit invasion of 1342 to 1343, troops under Gajah Mada and Arya Damar took Bedulu after seven months of fighting and ended native rule. Majapahit installed the vassal Kepakisan dynasty, whose first king was crowned at Samprangan in 1352.

In the late fourteenth or fifteenth century the court moved east to Gelgel, which under Dalem Baturenggong in the sixteenth century drew Lombok, western Sumbawa and Blambangan into its orbit. After 1651 Gelgel fragmented, and a new seat at Klungkung founded in 1686 presided over nine rival Balinese kingdoms.