Anjou

The Capetian House of Anjou, or Anjou-Sicily, was a Capetian cadet branch founded by Charles, youngest son of Louis VIII. Enfeoffed with Anjou and Maine in 1246, he married Provence's heiress and, with papal backing, defeated Manfred of Hohenstaufen at Benevento in 1266 and took Sicily, confirming it at Tagliacozzo in 1268. The 1267 Treaty of Viterbo opened his way into the Balkans; in 1272 he proclaimed himself King of Albania around Durazzo.

The Sicilian Vespers of 1282 drove him from Sicily to Naples. A younger line secured Hungary, where Charles Robert was crowned as Charles I in 1301 and his son Louis inherited Poland in 1370. In 1337 Robert the Wise ruled Naples and Charles I Hungary.

Later decades saw Andrew of Hungary's 1345 murder and Queen Joanna I's Hungarian wars. The Durazzo branch produced Charles III, king of Naples and Hungary, then Joanna II, whose 1435 death ended the senior line. Naples passed to Rene of Valois-Anjou and in 1442 to Alfonso V of Aragon.