Almohad

The Almohad dynasty, also called the Mu'minids, ruled a Berber caliphate from Marrakesh. It grew out of the preaching of Ibn Tumart, a Masmuda Berber recognized as the Mahdi around 1121, who built his base at Tinmel in the Atlas Mountains. After his death his follower Abd al-Mu'min took power in 1130, overthrew the Almoravids and captured Marrakesh in 1147, founding the caliphal line.

By 1159 the Almohads held the Maghreb, and by about 1172 they ruled Muslim Iberia from Seville. Their court raised monuments including the Giralda of Seville.

Defeat at Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212 broke their power in Spain, while the Marinids advanced in the Maghreb. Reduced to Marrakesh, the last caliph Idris al-Wathiq was killed when the Marinids stormed the city in 1269, ending the dynasty.