Celtic

The Celtic group includes the Irish, Bretons, Welsh, Highlanders, Cornish and Norse-Gaels, peoples who still spoke Celtic languages. Their ancestors, the Celts, are known from Iron Age cultures such as Hallstatt and La Tène.

Edward I conquered Wales in 1283, and in 1337 Gaelic lords in Ireland still resisted the English Lordship there. Brittany, drawn into the Hundred Years' War by a succession dispute, was joined to France in 1532. Tudor monarchs reconquered Ireland through the sixteenth century, and the Highland clans' last Jacobite rising was crushed at Culloden in 1746.