Tamna

The people of Tamna inhabited Jeju, south of the Korean peninsula, and their rulers traced their descent to three legendary ancestors said to have emerged from Samseonghyeol on Hallasan. Their kingdom paid tribute to Baekje and Silla, whose kings gave its lords the title of seongju. Tamna submitted to Goryeo in 938 and was annexed as a district in 1105, though native lords kept their autonomy.

The Sambyeolcho rebels made their last stand on the island in 1271 to 1274. After their defeat the Yuan made Tamna a cavalry base and horse pasture until 1356; in 1337 the islanders were graziers and fishermen under Mongol-Goryeo overlordship.

In 1402 the last seongju surrendered his title, and in 1404 Joseon brought the island under direct central rule, ending the old kingdom. Joseon kept Jeju as a land of horse studs and exile, and in the seventeenth century forbade islanders from sailing to the mainland.