Zaghawa

The Zaghawa were pastoral peoples whose influence once stretched from Lake Chad toward Darfur. The 9th-century geographer al-Yaqubi described Zaghawa rulers in Kanem, while later accounts placed them at Manan.

The rise of Kanem weakened their power. By the late 14th century the rise of Darfur and Kanem–Bornu had confined their influence largely to desert regions east of Kanem.