Umasuyus

Umasuyus, the water quarter, lay on the eastern shore of Lake Titicaca in the Aymara-speaking Qullaw. Rival lordships inhabited the region, including Pacasa, whose centre was Achacachi.

Between 1300 and 1450 warfare drove local groups into hilltop forts called pukaras. In the fifteenth century the Inca Pachacuti defeated the Colla Capac at Ayaviri and Pucara. After further revolts, Túpac Yupanqui subdued the remaining independent chiefdoms and placed the eastern shore under an administration centred on La Paz.