Ulm

Ulm was a city on the upper Danube in Swabia. In 1337 it held the status of a free imperial city.

In 1377 its citizens began building Ulm Minster at their own expense; the Great Swear Letter of 1397 gave the city a constitution. Ulm prospered through textile exports and adopted the Reformation in 1530. It passed to Bavaria in 1803; after Napoleon surrounded an Austrian army there in 1805, the city went to Württemberg in 1810.