Toulouse

The County of Toulouse was a southern French principality centred on Toulouse. The Treaty of Paris in 1229 subjected it to the French crown, which inherited the county in 1271; in 1337 Toulouse was part of the royal domain.

The Black Death struck in 1348, and the Hundred Years' War brought hardship as Toulouse defended southern France. In 1443 Charles VII established a parlement there, strengthening its judicial role. The city's literary society, founded in 1323 to preserve troubadour poetry, became the Royal Academy of the Floral Games under Louis XIV in 1694.