Piombino
Piombino was a coastal lordship in Tuscany, including part of Elba. Before its separate lordship arose, the town belonged to Pisa.
In 1399 Gherardo Appiani sold Pisa to the Visconti of Milan but kept Piombino for his family. Cesare Borgia occupied it from 1501 to 1503, and the Appiani returned by treaty in 1557 after Medici occupation. Raised to a principality in 1594, it joined Napoleonic Lucca and Piombino in 1805 and passed to Tuscany in 1815.