Hopi

The Hopi were Pueblo communities of northeastern Arizona, organized in villages and matrilineal clans. Oraibi, founded before 1100, was already one of their settlements in 1337.

In 1540 Coronado sent Pedro de Tovar to the Hopi, whose first village visited was Awatovi. During the 17th century villages moved onto mesa tops against Ute, Apache and Spanish attacks. In 1680 the Hopi joined the Pueblo Revolt against Spanish rule and missionaries.