Great Britain
Great Britain was a kingdom formed by the union of England and Scotland, with its parliament at Westminster. In 1337 England's Edward III supported a rival to Scotland's exiled king David II.
James VI of Scotland inherited the English crown in 1603, and the kingdoms united in 1707. The Jacobite attempt to restore the Stuarts failed in 1746. Britain gained Canada under the 1763 Treaty of Paris but later lost the Thirteen Colonies; in 1801 it united with Ireland.