Ērānšahr

Eranshahr was the Sasanian Empire’s name for its Iranian realm, ruled chiefly from Ctesiphon until its fall in 651. After Abu Said died in 1335, the Ilkhanate ruling Iran broke into rival dynasties.

The Safavids reunited Iran. In 1501 Ismail I took Tabriz, crowned himself shah and proclaimed Shiism the state religion. In 1736 Nader Shah deposed the Safavids. The Russo-Persian wars ended in 1828 with Iran ceding territory in the Caucasus to Russia.