Diné

The Diné, also known as Navajo, were Athabaskan-speaking communities of the American Southwest. They adopted farming from Pueblo neighbors and sheep and goat herding from the Spanish. By the 1670s Spanish accounts placed them in Dinétah, west of the Chama valley.

Spanish expeditions attacked Navajo country in the 1770s, while Diné groups also traded and allied with Hopi and Spanish neighbors. In 1823 they rejected Mexican demands for settlement in pueblos and conversion; Governor José Antonio Vizcarra then led an expedition against them.