Bytom

The Duchy of Bytom lay in Upper Silesia under the Piast dynasty. In 1337 Duke Władysław ruled Bytom and Koźle as a vassal of Bohemia, having sold Siewierz and pledged Toszek to pay his debts.

His son Bolesław died without heirs in 1355, and the duchy was divided between Oleśnica and Cieszyn. Reunited under Oleśnica in 1459, Bytom was seized by Matthias Corvinus in 1472 and joined Opole in 1498. After Hohenzollern rule, it passed to the Habsburgs following White Mountain in 1620 and to Prussia in 1742.