Owain Glyndŵr

Owain Glyndŵr (c. 1354–c. 1416) was a Welsh nobleman descended from the princes of Powys. A dispute with his English neighbour sparked a rising in 1400, and he was acclaimed Prince of Wales. English penal laws widened support for his revolt.

By 1404 he controlled most of Wales, held parliament at Machynlleth and won French aid; his 1406 Pennal Letter planned Welsh universities and laws. After Harlech and Aberystwyth fell in 1409, he refused two pardons and fought on as a guerrilla until vanishing from the record in 1412. Never captured, he died in hiding about 1416, a Welsh folk hero.