Mieszko IV Tanglefoot
Mieszko IV Tanglefoot (c. 1130–1211) was the second son of Władysław II the Exile and grew up in exile after 1146. The brothers recovered Silesia through Frederick Barbarossa's intervention in 1163 and ruled it jointly until 1173, when Mieszko took Racibórz as his duchy.
He added Opole in 1202, founding the Opole line of the Silesian Piasts. In 1210 he captured Kraków and assumed the high-ducal title of Poland, and died there in 1211, leaving Opole-Racibórz to his son Casimir I.