Bahāʾ al-Dīn al-ʿĀmilī

Bahāʾ al-Dīn al-ʿĀmilī (1547–1621), known as Sheikh Bahāʾī, was a Twelver Shia polymath in Safavid Iran. Born near Baalbek in Ottoman Syria to a family from Jabal ʿĀmil, he was brought to Iran as a boy and completed his studies in Isfahan.

Trusted by Shah Abbas I, he planned the new capital Isfahan, including Naqsh-e Jahan Square and the Shah Mosque, and wrote over a hundred Arabic and Persian treatises on law, mathematics and astronomy.

His Persian Tashrīḥ al-Aflāk argued for the possibility of the Earth's motion. He died in Isfahan and was buried at Mashhad.