Afonso III of Portugal

Afonso III (1210–1279), called the Boulonnais, was the second son of Afonso II. In France he married Matilda II, Countess of Boulogne, in 1238 and ruled her county. In 1245 Pope Innocent IV declared his brother Sancho II deposed, and Afonso took Portugal, styling himself overseer and defender until Sancho died in 1248.

After Faro fell in 1249 he became the first king styled King of Portugal and the Algarve, completing the Reconquista. In 1253 he divorced Matilda and married Beatrice of Castile.

In 1254 he summoned the Cortes of Leiria, the first assembly with town representatives, and made Lisbon his capital. The 1267 Treaty of Badajoz fixed the Castilian frontier on the Guadiana.