Philipp Apian

Philipp Apian (1531–1589), born Philipp Bienewitz in Ingolstadt, was a mathematician, physician and cartographer, the son of Peter Apian. He succeeded his father as professor of mathematics at Ingolstadt in 1552.

In 1554 Duke Albert V of Bavaria commissioned him to survey the duchy; after seven summers in the field he completed a huge map in 1563, followed in 1568 by the 24-sheet Bairische Landtafeln, the first detailed atlas of a European country. A Protestant, he left Ingolstadt in 1569 amid the Counter-Reformation and lost his Tübingen chair in 1583 for refusing to condemn Calvinism.