Pope Innocent VII

Innocent VII (c. 1336–1406), born Cosimo de' Migliorati at Sulmona in the Abruzzo, taught canon and civil law at Perugia and Padua before entering the papal Curia under Urban VI. He served ten years as papal collector in England, became archbishop of Ravenna in 1387 and a cardinal under Boniface IX in 1389.

Elected pope in October 1404 during the Western Schism, he faced Benedict XIII's court at Avignon. In August 1405 his nephew Ludovico Migliorati murdered eleven Romans, forcing him to flee to Viterbo; he returned in January 1406 and died in Rome on 6 November 1406.