Feodor Romanov (Patriarch Filaret)

Feodor Nikitich Romanov (1553–1633), first of the Romanov surname, served Tsar Feodor I against Sweden. A popular candidate for the throne in 1598, he was forced by Boris Godunov in 1600 to take monastic vows as Filaret.

The False Dmitry made him metropolitan of Rostov in 1605, and he was imprisoned in Poland from 1610 to 1618 for rejecting Sigismund III as tsar. Freed after the Truce of Deulino, he was enthroned Patriarch of Moscow in 1619 and co-ruled Russia with his son Tsar Michael until his death in 1633.

He reformed tax assessment and collection and encouraged theological publishing. He also reorganized the army with the help of foreign officers.