Henry XIV, Duke of Lower Bavaria

Henry XIV (1305–1339) was a son of Stephen I of Lower Bavaria. When their father died in 1310, he and his brother Otto IV held the duchy under the guardianship of their cousin Emperor Louis IV. In 1328 he married Margaret, daughter of John of Bohemia.

He backed Louis against Frederick the Fair and in 1333, when the emperor considered resigning, became a candidate for the German crown. A feud with Otto IV and their cousin Henry XV over the partition of Lower Bavaria strained his ties with Louis and pushed him toward his father-in-law John; in winter 1337 he joined John's crusade with the Teutonic Order in Prussia.

After reconciling with Louis IV in 1339, he died of leprosy that 1 September. Lower Bavaria passed to his son John I, who died in 1340, and by December Bavaria was reunited under Louis IV.