Henry XIII, Duke of Lower Bavaria

Henry XIII (1235–1290) was the younger son of Otto II of Bavaria. In 1254 he succeeded his father with his brother Louis II, and in 1255 the brothers partitioned the duchy, Henry taking Lower Bavaria in its first division.

The unlawful division angered the Bavarian bishops, who allied with Ottokar II of Bohemia. Henry made Landshut his residence, began Burghausen Castle, and in 1257 joined Louis to repel Ottokar's invasion. He later warred on Salzburg and Passau and shifted his allegiance between Rudolph I and Ottokar.

His peace ordinances imposed heavy penalties for carrying swords or daggers in Landshut. He died in 1290, leaving Lower Bavaria to his son Otto III.