Philip II of France

Philip II (1165–1223), called Augustus, was the only son of Louis VII and Adela of Champagne. He ruled France from 1180, and that year married Isabella of Hainault, who brought Artois as her dowry; from 1190 he was the first monarch to style himself King of France rather than King of the Franks. He joined the Third Crusade before returning to France.

After years of war with the Plantagenets, his victory at Bouvines in 1214 broke the Angevin Empire and left royal authority unchallenged. He walled Paris and stabilized the crown's finances, dying in 1223.