Ivaylo of Bulgaria

Ivaylo (died 1281), nicknamed Lakhanas or ‘the Cabbage’, was a rebel who ruled Bulgaria as tsar in 1278–1279. In 1277 he led a peasant uprising and forced the nobility to accept him. He married the widowed empress and was recognized as emperor in 1278, winning the Battle of Devina.

In 1279 Mongol forces blockaded him at Silistra and Tarnovo accepted Ivan Asen III. After George Terter I seized the throne, Ivaylo sought Nogai Khan's aid, but Nogai had him killed in 1281.