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André-Hercule de Fleury

André-Hercule de Fleury (1653–1743) was a French cardinal and chief minister to Louis XV. Born in Lodève, he became bishop of Fréjus in 1698 and tutor to Louis XV in 1715, and in 1726 he ousted the duke of Bourbon and took power.

For seventeen years his ministry stabilized currency and restored finances, though he harshly enforced the anti-Jansenist bull Unigenitus, and his road-building relied on forced peasant labour. He sought peace, but France entered the wars of the Polish and Austrian successions, dying in office in 1743.

References

  1. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/André-Hercule_de_Fleury
  2. zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/安德烈·埃居爾·德弗勒里